Vláda ve čtvrtek 10. října schválila návrh novely zákona o obalech, která zavádí povinné zálohování plastových láhví a nápojových plechovek. Novelu, která rovněž zpoplatňuje reklamní letáky, bude projednávat Parlament.
Pakliže zákon Parlamentem projde, nabyde účinnosti 1. ledna 2025, nicméně zálohový systém by měl být spuštěn o rok později. Zákazníci tak budou platit vratné zálohy za nealkoholické nápoje v plastových lahvích o objemu 0,1 až 3 litry a alkoholické nápoje do 15 % alkoholu v plastových lahvích. Dále za všechny nealkoholické nápoje v plechovkách o velikosti 0,1 až 1 litr a nápoje s obsahem do 15 % alkoholu v plechovkách. Obaly od mléka a mléčných výrobků se zálohovat nebudou.
Ministerstvo v návrhu počítá s čtyřkorunovou zálohou, přesná výše ale bude určena až vyhláškou. „Do budoucna si ji může operátor zvýšit. Je to proto, že její výše motivuje k vracení,“ uvádí David Surý, vrchní ředitel sekce ochrany životního prostředí MŽP. Podle odhadů ministerstva by systémem ročně mělo projít přibližně 2,5 miliardy kusů PET a plechovek. Smyslem zálohování má být zvýšení kvality plastových a kovových materiálů k recyklaci, které nebudou znečištěny jiným odpadem, a snížením litteringu.
Novela zákona o obalech dále zavádí recyklační poplatky na papírové reklamní letáky, které budou platit osoby uvádějící je na trh nebo do oběhu. Obce by tím měly získat finanční prostředky na náklady spojené s recyklací a odvozem kontejnerů, ve kterých propagační materiály končí.
Návrh zákona je značně kontroverzní a vyvolává bouřlivé debaty. V rámci meziresortního připomínkového řízení se k novele sešlo více než 700 připomínek a připravovanou legislativu kritizují zástupci obcí, recyklačních a svozových firem nebo provozovatelé benzínových pump či zástupci malých pivovarů.
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